![]() At room temperature and pressure, helium is a colorless and odorless gas. Therefore, the atomic mass of helium is 4.002602 amu. An atom of helium is composed of 2 protons and 2 neutrons in the nucleus along with 2 electrons in its 1s orbital. The electron configuration of helium is 1s 2. Helium is an element that has the atomic number 2 and is a gaseous substance. Key Terms: Atomic Mass, Atomic Number, Deuterium, Helium, Hydrogen, Isotopes of Helium, Protium, Tritium What is the Difference Between Helium and Hydrogen What are the Similarities Between Helium and HydrogenĤ. – Properties, Isotopes, Reactions, and Applicationsģ. The main difference between helium and hydrogen is that helium atom exists as a monoatomic gas in the atmosphere whereas hydrogen exists as a diatomic gas in the atmosphere. Due to the very light weight of these gases, they are used to fill air balloons. Due to the characteristic features of hydrogen and helium, there are many applications of these gases in industry. Therefore, they are the smallest and lightest atoms on earth. And part (c) directly compares binding energy of an electron to its rest mass and shows that it's small by 5 orders of magnitude.Hydrogen and Helium are the first two elements that are found in the periodic table of elements. So the binding energy is small, in other words. Part (b) shows that the difference in mass between a hydrogen atom and a proton is essentially the mass of an unbound electron which indicates that the binding energy didn't change the mass of a bound electron in the atom. And part (d) basically kinda says what I already said while I went through each part but part (a) shows that the electron binding energy is negligible compared to the combined mass of a proton and electron that is compared to a hydrogen atom in other words. So the binding energy of the electron is 5 orders magnitude less than the rest mass of the electron. Then in part (c), we compare the binding energy of the electron directly with the electron's rest mass and this works out to 2.7 times 10 to the minus 5 is the ratio. But what we are seeing here though is that this mass difference between a hydrogen atom and a bare proton equals the rest mass of a bare electron meaning its mass when it's contained in this bound hydrogen atom hasn't changed much as a result of that binding energy suggesting that the binding energy is very small. When a sub-atomic particle is bound into some system, it loses some of its mass. So this is the difference between the two and this essentially is the mass of a bare electron and because that's the case, it means that this binding energy of the electron didn't change its mass very much. In part (b), we take the difference between mass of a hydrogen atom and the mass of a bare proton and that's 1.007825 atomic mass units minus 1.007276 atomic mass units giving 0.000549 atomic mass units. So this binding energy of an electron is very small compared to the mass of a hydrogen atom. So we'll find the percent difference between these two and so we'll take this binding energy, expressed in atomic mass units, minus the mass of a hydrogen atom and divide by the binding energy times by 100 percent and we get that the binding energy is 6.9 billion percent less than the mass of a hydrogen atom. ![]() So converting this 13.6 electron volts- binding energy of an electron- into atomic mass unit equivalents, we multiply by 1 atomic mass unit for every 931.5 times 10 to the 6 electron volts giving us 1.46 times 10 to the minus 8 atomic mass units. In part (a), we compare the binding energy of an electron to the mass of a hydrogen atom. This is College Physics Answers with Shaun Dychko.
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